DermaQ - Lab Tests

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This comprehensive package screens the body for risk factors, hormonal changes, and deficiencies of essential vitamins among others that may impact health and contribute to hair-related issues such as baldness, hair thinning, and loss.

A Testosterone Total test measures the level of testosterone hormone in the blood. Testosterone is a steroid hormone primarily produced in the testes in men, although it is also present in smaller quantities in the adrenal glands. In women, it is made in small amounts by the ovaries. It is predominantly associated with male physiology and significantly influences physiological functions in both men and women.\nThe pituitary gland produces luteinizing hormone (LH), which regulates testosterone production. As testosterone levels rise, LH production decreases, slowing down testosterone production. Conversely, when testosterone levels fall, LH production increases, stimulating testosterone production.\nMost of the testosterone circulating in the blood gets attached to two proteins, albumin and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and some of it remains unattached, called free testosterone. Free testosterone and albumin-bound testosterone are also known as bioavailable testosterone, as they are readily available for the body to use for proper functioning.

A Serum Ferritin test measures the concentration of ferritin in the blood. Ferritin is a protein found in cells, particularly in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow, that stores iron in a soluble or nontoxic form. When the body needs iron for essential functions like producing red blood cells and carrying oxygen, it releases iron from ferritin into the blood.\nA Serum Ferritin test provides valuable information about the body`s iron storage levels. Low ferritin levels may indicate iron deficiency, a condition where the body lacks enough iron to function properly. In contrast, elevated ferritin levels can indicate iron overload, a condition known as hemochromatosis. Iron overload can lead to organ damage if not adequately managed, making early detection crucial.\nA Serum Ferritin test is a critical tool for assessing iron status, diagnosing iron deficiency anemia, monitoring treatment progress, detecting other iron-related disorders, and maintaining overall health.

A Vitamin D (25-Hydroxy) test measures the levels of vitamin D in the body. It is an essential nutrient that can be synthesized in the body upon healthy exposure to sunlight or absorbed from dietary sources. It majorly exists in two forms: Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) and Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol). Vitamin D2 is present in plants, such as yeast or mushrooms, and is available as a supplement in fortified foods, and vitamin D3 is found in foods like cheese, green vegetables, mushrooms, egg yolks, and fatty fish.\nBoth forms of vitamin D (D2 and D3) need to undergo some chemical changes before being available for use in the body. These chemical changes take place in the liver or kidneys. The liver converts vitamin D to 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH vitamin D). A Vitamin D (25-Hydroxy) test measures the level of this 25-OH vitamin D as it is the primary form of vitamin D that circulates in the blood.

A Vitamin B12 test measures your vitamin B12 levels. Vitamin B12 is essential for various health aspects, such as maintaining a healthy nervous system, making red blood cells, and creating the genetic material of our cells. Low vitamin B12 levels are more likely to occur in older adults, children, vegans, vegetarians, people with diabetes, individuals who underwent gastric bypass surgery, women who are breastfeeding, and in conditions that impact absorption of this vitamin, like Crohn’s disease. Higher vitamin B12 levels are uncommon as excessive vitamin B12 is usually removed through the urine. However, some conditions, such as liver diseases and myeloproliferative disorders, can cause an increase in vitamin B12 levels, thereby affecting blood cell production.

A CBC (Complete Blood Count) test evaluates red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs}, and platelets. Each of these blood cells performs essential functions–RBCs carry oxygen from your lungs to the various body parts, WBCs help fight infections and other diseases, and platelets help your blood to clot–so determining their levels can provide significant health information. A CBC test also determines the hemoglobin level, a protein in RBC that carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of your body. Evaluating all these components together can provide important information about your overall health.

A Lipid Profile assesses the level of specific fat molecules called lipids in the blood and helps determine the risk of heart ailments. This test determines the amount of different types of lipids, including total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides. Lipids play a pivotal role in the functioning of the body. They are crucial components of the cell membranes and hormones, provide cushioning, and are a storehouse of energy. Any alterations in the lipid levels may lead to potential heart ailments, making their monitoring crucial.

A TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) Ultrasensitive test measures the levels of TSH hormone in the blood. TSH is produced by the pituitary gland located in the brain. Its function is to stimulate and regulate the functioning of the thyroid gland. It signals the thyroid gland to increase or decrease the production of thyroid hormones T3 and T4 (essential for regulating our body’s metabolism, temperature, heart rate, and growth) when their levels are low or high, respectively. Therefore, when the levels of T3 & T4 decrease, the pituitary gland is stimulated to release TSH. This high TSH level, in turn, stimulates the thyroid gland to release more thyroid hormones (T3 & T4); the vice-versa happens when the levels of thyroid hormones increase.

An HbA1c (Hemoglobin A1c) test precisely measures the percentage of sugar-coated or glycated hemoglobin in your blood. The test results represent the proportion of hemoglobin in your blood that has been glycated.\nHemoglobin, a vital protein found in red blood cells, is responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body. Hemoglobin A is the most abundant form of hemoglobin, and when blood sugar levels increase, a higher proportion of hemoglobin A becomes glycated. As red blood cells have a lifespan of approximately 120 days, the sugar molecules remain attached to the hemoglobin for the duration of the cell`s life. Consequently, the HbA1c test offers insight into your average blood sugar levels over the past 8 to 12 weeks.

A Comprehensive Advanced Full Body and Hair Package aims to identify and understand nutritional deficiencies in essential vitamins, specifically Vitamin B12 and Vitamin D. Simultaneously, it assesses and detects possible thyroid gland disorders, evaluating thyroid function. Deficiencies or excesses in these vitamins and imbalances in thyroid function can be underlying conditions for excessive hair loss in both men and women along with other health related issues.

A Serum Calcium test measures the levels of calcium in the body. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body; most of it is present in the bones and teeth, and the remaining portion (around 1%) is found in the blood. It is usually present in two forms in blood in about equal amounts: "bound calcium," which is attached to proteins in the blood, and "free calcium or ionized calcium," which is not attached to any protein.\nA Serum Calcium test cannot be used to check for lack of calcium in your diet or osteoporosis (loss of calcium from bones) as the body can have normal calcium levels even in dietary calcium deficiency. Moreover, the body can normalize mild calcium deficiency by releasing the calcium stored in bones.

A Serum Iron Studies Basic test measures the level of iron in the body. It comprises a series of blood tests, including a serum iron test that measures the level of iron in the blood, a Total Iron-Binding Capacity (TIBC) test that reflects the body`s iron stores, an unsaturated iron binding capacity (UIBC) test that reflects binding of iron with transferrin which is the main protein that binds with iron, and transferrin saturation test that checks how much transferrin is saturated with iron.

An ESR test measures the rate at which red blood cells (erythrocytes) settle (sediment) in one hour at the bottom of a tube that contains a blood sample.\nWhen there is inflammation in the body, certain proteins, mainly fibrinogen, increase in the blood. This increased amount of fibrinogen causes the red blood cells to form a stack (rouleaux formation) that settles quickly due to its high density, leading to an increase in the ESR.\nAn ESR test is a non-specific measure of inflammation and can be affected by conditions other than inflammation. This test cannot identify the exact location of the inflammation in your body or what is causing it. Hence, an ESR test is usually performed along with a few other tests to identify or treat possible health concerns.

A Diabetes Screening (HbA1C & Fasting Sugar) test includes a glycosylated hemoglobin test and a glucose-fasting blood test. The glycosylated hemoglobin test measures the percentage of glycosylated hemoglobin in the blood, while a glucose-fasting blood test measures the glucose level during fasting. Glucose is the main form of sugar utilized by the body to release energy; it is absorbed by the intestine and distributed to all organs through blood. These tests help your doctor to monitor your blood sugar levels and manage your diabetes well.

A Urine R/M (Urine Routine & Microscopy) test involves gross, chemical, and microscopic evaluation of the urine sample.\n-Gross examination: It involves visually inspecting the urine sample for color and appearance. Typically, the urine color ranges from colorless or pale yellow to deep amber, depending on the urine’s concentration. Things such as medications, supplements, and some foods such as beetroot can affect the color of your urine. However, unusual urine color can also be a sign of disease.\nIn appearance, the urine sample may be clear or cloudy. A clear appearance is indicative of healthy urine. However, the presence of red blood cells, white blood cells, bacteria, etc., may result in cloudy urine, indicating conditions such as dehydration, UTIs, kidney stones, etc. Some other factors, such as sperm and skin cells, may also result in a cloudy appearance but are harmless.\n-Chemical examination: It examines the chemical nature of the urine sample using special test strips called dipsticks. These test strips are dipped into the urine sample and change color when they come in contact with specific substances. The degree of color change estimates the amount of the substance present. Some common things detected include protein, urine pH, ketones, glucose, specific gravity, blood, nitrites, and urobilinogen.\n-Microscopic examination: This involves the analysis of the urine sample under the microscope for casts, crystals, cells, bacteria, and yeast.

An LFT (Liver Function Test) helps determine the health of your liver by measuring various components like enzymes, proteins, and bilirubin. These components help detect inflammation, infection, diseases, etc., of the liver and monitor the damage due to liver-related issues.

A Thyroid Profile Total (T3, T4 & TSH) measures the levels of three hormones in the blood, namely triiodothyronine hormone (T3) total, thyroxine hormone (T4) total, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). T3 and T4 are thyroid hormones that help regulate metabolism and energy levels in the body. On the other hand, TSH is produced by the pituitary gland and stimulates the thyroid gland to produce T3 and T4 hormones. The serum levels of the thyroid hormones and TSH have an inverse relationship, i.e., low T4 (as observed in hypothyroidism) and high T4 (as seen in hyperthyroidism) levels are associated with high and low TSH levels, respectively.

A KFT with Electrolytes (Kidney Function Test with Electrolytes) test determines the health of your kidneys. It evaluates parameters such as creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid, and electrolytes (sodium, potassium, and chloride). This test also helps diagnose possible kidney disorders like inflammation, infection, or functional damage.

This comprehensive package screens the body for risk factors, hormonal changes, and deficiencies that may impact health and contribute to hair-related issues such as baldness, hair thinning, and loss.

A Comprehensive Basic Full Body Checkup with Smart Report is tailored to evaluate your overall health. It comprises a complete blood screening, kidney function test, liver function test, lipid profile, thyroid profile total, iron studies, diabetes screening, calcium test, vitamin B12 test, vitamin D (25-OH) test, and urine examination.

A Comprehensive Gold Full Body Checkup with Smart Report helps in the overall assessment of all the systems and organs of the body, providing an analysis of your health and body functions. It tells you the status of your overall well-being or checks for the signs or risk factors of various health disorders such as high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, thyroid disease, kidney disease, liver disease, heart disease, etc.

A Vitamin Profile covers testing of three vitamins, including vitamins B9, B12, and D. These vitamins are required by your body for the proper functioning of the nervous system, cell growth, DNA formation, building immunity, bone health, and maintaining your overall health. Deranged levels of these vitamins can give rise to lethargy, irritation, muscle spasms, fatigue, anemia, psychological disorders, or toxicity if not given timely attention.

A CRP test measures the levels of C-reactive protein in your body. This test helps detect the presence of inflammation in the body. It is a non-specific test as it cannot diagnose a condition by itself or determine its exact location or cause.\nCRP is an acute phase reactant protein produced by the liver in response to an inflammation in the body. This inflammation may be due to tissue injury, infection, autoimmune diseases, or cancer. CRP levels are often increased before the onset of other symptoms of inflammation, such as pain, redness, fever, or swelling. These levels fall as the inflammation subsides.

An HBsAg Screening - Rapid test confirms the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in a suspected individual. HBsAg is the first serological marker, within 1 to 10 weeks, to appear in the blood after recent exposure to HBV. Persistence of this marker for more than 6 months implies chronic (long-term) HBV infection which may lead to liver damage (scarring or cirrhosis). A person who has a chronic infection is capable of spreading the infection to healthy individuals, even if they do not show or experience any symptoms.

A Rheumatoid Factor - Quantitative test detects and measures the concentration of rheumatoid factor (RF), an antibody produced by the immune system, in your blood. Increased levels of rheumatoid factor can be detected in the blood in certain autoimmune conditions, particularly rheumatoid arthritis. However, an RF test is not very specific as a rheumatoid factor can also be found in the body in diseases other than RA, such as Sjögren’s syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). RF may also be produced in the body during persistent bacterial and viral infections. Hence, clinical evaluation and other diagnostic tests are crucial for a comprehensive assessment and accurate diagnosis.

A Peripheral Smear Examination test is performed to check the characteristics of blood cells including:\n-Red blood cells (RBCs)\n-White blood cells (WBCs)\nPlatelets\nBy placing the blood sample on a specifically treated slide, these blood components are analyzed under a microscope for their shape, size, and number. Any irregularity in these cells indicates blood disorders or abnormality, the presence of parasites in the blood, etc. This test is also a beneficial tool in monitoring a blood disease or deciding whether a certain medication or therapy is working effectively or not.

A Microalbumin Creatinine Ratio, Urine test compares albumin and creatinine excretion in your urine. Typically, the body filters out creatinine in the urine steadily. Comparing the ratio of urine albumin with creatinine in the same urine sample helps analyze if the body is excreting albumin at an increased rate. Elevated levels indicate increased urinary excretion of albumin, which can be an early sign of kidney damage that may need medical intervention.

A Comprehensive Platinum Full Body Checkup with Smart Report acts as a preventive health checkup that helps in the complete evaluation of your general health, determines the status of your overall well-being, and aids in the screening for early signs or risk factors of various health disorders, such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity, thyroid disease, kidney disorders, liver disease, cardiovascular ailments, etc. The test parameters offered in this package can also alert you of unhealthy habits and allow you to follow a healthier lifestyle.

Immunoglobulins are antibodies (proteins) produced by plasma cells (specific immune cells) when the body recognizes bacteria, viruses, other microorganisms, or any other unknown substances as harmful foreign antigens (allergy-causing substances or allergens) to the immune system. There are five types of immunoglobulins: IgA, IgG, IgM, IgD, and IgE.\nUnlike other antibodies, IgE is primarily associated with immune responses to allergenic substances, such as plant pollen, latex, pet dander, mold, eggs, peanuts, bee venom, and strawberries. Normally, IgE is present in very small amounts in the blood. When the immune system encounters an allergen, it triggers the production of IgE antibodies. A Total IgE test measures the concentration of these IgE antibodies in the blood, providing insights into the presence and severity of allergies.

A Lipase test measures the total amount of lipase enzyme present in the blood. The lipase enzyme breaks down fats (lipids) into smaller molecules. In the gut, it is crucial for digestion, transportation, and the usage of dietary fats and oils. The main source of lipase is the pancreas–the same gland that makes insulin. After a meal, your pancreas releases pancreatic lipase into your digestive tract, where it breaks down triglycerides from fats and oils into smaller molecules like monoglycerides and fatty acids that are easier to absorb. A deranged level of lipase may indicate disease affecting the pancreas.

An Amylase test determines the amount of amylase enzyme in your blood. This enzyme helps in the breakdown of complex dietary carbohydrates into simple carbohydrates for absorption. The digestion of carbohydrates begins in the mouth since the amylase is secreted by the salivary glands too. However, the majority of the amylase is produced by the pancreas and secreted into the duodenum of the small intestine. The amount of amylase in the blood rises either due to its increased secretion into the blood or decreased elimination by the kidneys. Higher levels of amylase for longer periods indicate pancreatic complications and need medical intervention.

A Urinary Electrolytes test measures 3 important electrolytes in the body, namely sodium, potassium, and chloride. Electrolytes are electrically charged minerals that move fluid in and out of the cells. They transport the nutrients into the cells and flush out the waste products. They also help maintain water balance and pH levels by keeping the acids and bases in your blood balanced. Hence, the body needs to maintain an optimal balance of fluids and electrolytes for proper functioning.

A Serum Iron Studies Comprehensive package measures the level of iron in the body. It comprises a series of blood tests, including serum iron test that helps to evaluate iron level, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) test that helps to assess the ability of the body to transport iron in the blood, unsaturated iron binding capacity (UIBC) test that reflects binding of iron with transferrin, which is the main protein that binds with iron, transferrin saturation test that checks how many places on the transferrin that can hold iron are doing so, and ferritin test that detects ferritin protein in the blood and helps determine how much iron is stored in your body.

An Advanced Cardiac Risk Markers test assesses the level of specific proteins called cardiac markers in the blood and helps determine the risk of heart ailments. This test determines the amount of apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B, lipoprotein A, homocysteine, and high-sensitivity CRP in the blood. These cardiac markers play a pivotal role in the functioning of the heart, and a deranged level of any of these might indicate a developing heart disease.

This is detailed health test to screen the body for early signs, risk factors, and deficiencies that may affect health and stress the hair. The total testosterone levels in the test help analyse hormonal changes impacting hair growth.

This test is used to detect deficiency of Vitamin B12 and Vitamin D (25-hydroxy). A Vitamin D (25-Hydroxy) & Vitamin B12 package helps measure the level of vitamin D and B12 in the blood and detect possible health concerns associated with vitamin D and vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin D helps keep bones, teeth, and muscles healthy, whereas vitamin B12 maintains blood, brain, and nerve functions Both of these also affect hair growth.

The basic hair package aims to identify and understand nutritional deficiencies in essential vitamins, specifically Vitamin B12 and Vitamin D. Simultaneously, it assesses and detects possible thyroid gland disorders, evaluating thyroid function. Deficiencies or excesses in these vitamins and imbalances in thyroid function can be underlying conditions for excessive hair loss in both men and women along with other health related issues.

A Vitamin D (25-Hydroxy) test measures the level of vitamin D in the body. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble essential nutrient that helps the body absorb calcium & phosphorus to maintain strong bones & teeth and to have a healthy immune system. Vitamin D levels are a valuable indicator of many bone-related problems, such as rickets, osteomalacia, and osteoporosis.

A Lipid Profile helps measure and monitor the amount of total cholesterol (fats) in the body. This package is used to determine your overall cardiovascular health, especially if you have risk factors such as obesity, diabetes, and high blood pressure. It is usually done as part of routine health checkups.

A Cholesterol - Total test measures the total amount of cholesterol (fats) in your blood. Cholesterol is mainly synthesized in the liver and partially in the intestines. It acts as a building block for cell membranes, serves as a precursor to vital hormones, and helps in the production of bile acids that help digest fats. Cholesterol is transported through the blood by two kinds of proteins: low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). An optimal amount of these proteins is necessary for proper body functioning.

A Triglycerides test measures the amount of triglycerides in the blood and helps evaluate your risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Triglycerides are a type of fat (lipid) that your body uses as a source of energy. When you consume more calories than your body needs, the excess calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in fat cells for later use. High triglyceride levels can contribute to the hardening and narrowing of arteries, increasing the risk of heart attack, stroke, and other related conditions.

A Cholesterol - HDL test measures the concentration of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in the blood. HDL cholesterol plays a crucial role in maintaining cardiovascular health, as it helps transport excess low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol from the bloodstream back to the liver for excretion. This process prevents the buildup of plaque on the blood vessel walls, which can cause them to become narrow and less flexible. Higher levels of HDL cholesterol are generally associated with a lower risk of heart problems, such as heart attacks and strokes. By measuring HDL cholesterol levels, your doctor can assess your risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and can recommend appropriate preventive or treatment strategies, including lifestyle modifications and medications.

A Cholesterol - LDL test measures the concentration of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the blood. LDL cholesterol plays an important role in your body. It carries cholesterol from your liver to other parts of the body where it`s needed for things like building cell walls and making hormones. However, it is often referred to as "bad" cholesterol because when present in excess in your blood, it can stick to your blood vessel walls leading to the formation of plaque, making them narrow and less flexible. When this happens, it`s harder for the blood to flow, which can lead to heart problems, like heart attacks and strokes. By measuring LDL cholesterol levels, your doctor can assess your risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and can recommend appropriate preventive or treatment strategies.

A Very Low Density Lipoprotein test measures the concentration of very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol in the blood. VLDL cholesterol plays a vital role in the body`s metabolic processes. It is produced by the liver and is used to transport triglycerides, a type of fat, from the liver to various tissues throughout the body, where they are either utilized for energy or stored for later use. Though VLDL cholesterol is essential for the body`s normal functioning, it is harmful if present in excess amounts. By measuring VLDL cholesterol levels, your doctor can assess your risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and recommend appropriate preventive or treatment strategies.

A Total Cholesterol/HDL Cholesterol Ratio measures the ratio of total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)/good cholesterol in your blood which is a significant indicator of cardiovascular health. This ratio is calculated by dividing the total cholesterol by the HDL number. A high ratio indicates a higher amount of `bad` cholesterol relative to `good` cholesterol, implying a higher risk of developing heart disease. Conversely, a lower ratio implies a higher amount of `good` cholesterol relative to `bad` cholesterol, indicating a lower risk.

An LDL/HDL Ratio test measures the ratio of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) to high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in your blood. These two types of lipoproteins carry cholesterol throughout the body. LDL, often referred to as the `bad` cholesterol, carries cholesterol to the cells that need it. However, if there is too much LDL cholesterol in the blood, it can combine with other substances and form plaque in the arteries, leading to cardiovascular diseases. On the other hand, HDL, often referred to as the `good` cholesterol, helps remove other forms of cholesterol, including LDL, from the bloodstream. It transports cholesterol back to the liver, where it is broken down and eliminated from the body, thus reducing the risk of cholesterol buildup and heart disease. The LDL/HDL ratio is a significant indicator of cardiovascular health. A high ratio indicates a higher amount of `bad` cholesterol relative to `good` cholesterol, implying a higher risk of developing heart disease. Conversely, a lower ratio implies a higher amount of `good` cholesterol relative to `bad` cholesterol, indicating a lower risk.

A Non HDL Cholesterol test looks for the “bad” cholesterol particles that are likely to contribute to heart problems. These bad particles include LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, VLDL (very-low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, and remnants of other cholesterol-carrying molecules. Cholesterol is a waxy substance that circulates in your bloodstream and is essential for various bodily functions. However, too much of “bad” types of cholesterol can build up in your arteries and increase the risk of heart conditions. LDL and VLDL cholesterol particles are often referred to as the "bad" cholesterol because they can stick to the walls of your arteries and form plaque, narrowing the arteries and restricting blood flow to your heart. By measuring non-HDL cholesterol, your doctor can assess your risk of heart disease and determine if any interventions or lifestyle changes are needed to protect your heart.

An Anti-TPO Antibody(Anti-Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody) test helps detect the presence of antibodies against the enzyme thyroid peroxidase that is involved in producing thyroid hormones. This test helps diagnose and monitor autoimmune thyroid disorders, particularly Hashimotos thyroiditis and Graves disease.

In autoimmune thyroid disorders, such as Hashimoto`s thyroiditis and Graves’ disease, the immune system produces antibodies against thyroid peroxidase (TPO), an enzyme found in the thyroid gland. An Anti-TPO Antibody(Anti-Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody) test detects and measures the levels of these anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibodies in your blood.\nTPO is found in the cells of the thyroid follicle and helps produce the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) or triiodothyronine (T3). The presence of anti-TPO antibodies indicates autoimmune activity against the thyroid gland. These antibodies contribute to inflammation and damage to thyroid cells, thus leading to thyroid dysfunction.

An HbA1c (Hemoglobin A1c) test, also known as a glycosylated hemoglobin test, measures the average amount of sugar in the blood over 2-3 months. This test helps diagnose diabetes and monitor its treatment. It is typically done as part of routine health checkups.

A zinc test helps assess any deficiency of zinc which helps diagnose and treat any identified deficiencies. Also, this test helps monitor zinc exposure, delayed wound healing, growth retardation in children and therapies like oral zinc therapy, which is given to control excessive levels of copper(Wilson’s disease).

A Zinc, Serum test helps determine the amount of zinc in your blood. About 20–30% of ingested zinc is absorbed in the small intestine and then transported into the blood. Zinc is present in various tissues throughout the body but is not stored in any particular location. The primary route of zinc excretion is through feces, with very small amounts of zinc being lost in urine, sweat, and other bodily secretions.\nIn situations where zinc requirements exceed intake, or poor absorption occurs, zinc deficiency may occur. This deficiency may impact various bodily functions since zinc is essential for numerous physiological processes.\nIt`s noteworthy that early stages of zinc deficiency, especially in individuals with known risk factors, can be managed with primary care and a well-balanced diet.

A Testosterone Total test measures the concentration of testosterone, a male sex hormone, in the blood. Testosterone is present in both men and women, but the levels are significantly higher in men, influencing various aspects such as sexual development, muscle and bone health, mood, and energy.

A CBC (Complete Blood Count) test provides important information about the blood components, including red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets. It is often used as a screening tool to assess overall health, detect various medical conditions, and monitor the effectiveness of treatments.

An RDW CV test which is part of red cell indices, helps identify characteristics of red blood cells. RDW (red cell distribution width) measures the variations in the sizes of red blood cells, indicating how much they differ from each other in a blood sample. RDW is expressed as RDW-CV, a coefficient of variation. A higher RDW may suggest more variation in red cell sizes, while a lower RDW indicates more uniform red cell sizes.

A Hematocrit test measures the proportion of red blood cells (RBCs) in your blood as a percentage of the total blood volume. It is a crucial part of a complete blood count (CBC) and helps in assessing your blood health. RBCs are responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to different parts of the body. The hematocrit test provides valuable information about your blood`s oxygen-carrying capacity.\nHigher-than-normal amounts of RBCs produced by the bone marrow can cause the hematocrit to increase, leading to increased blood density and slow blood flow. On the other hand, lower-than-normal hematocrit can be caused by low production of RBCs, reduced lifespan of RBCs in circulation, or excessive bleeding, leading to a reduced amount of oxygen being transported by RBCs. Monitoring your hematocrit levels is essential for diagnosing and managing various blood-related disorders.

A Total Leukocyte Count test measures the numbers of all types of leukocytes, namely neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil, and basophil, in your blood. Leukocytes or WBCs are an essential part of our immune system. These cells are produced in the bone marrow and defend the body against infections and diseases. Each type of WBC plays a unique role to protect against infections and is present in different numbers.

An Absolute Lymphocyte Count test measures the total number of lymphocytes in the blood. Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cells that play an important role in your immune system and help your body fight disease and infection. There are two main types of lymphocytes:\n-T lymphocytes (T cells): T cells control your body’s immune system response and directly attack and kill infected cells and tumor cells.\n-B lymphocytes (B cells): B cells make antibodies. Antibodies are proteins that target viruses, bacteria, and other foreign pathogens.\nLymphocytes help your immune system remember every antigen (a foreign substance) it comes in contact with. After an encounter, some lymphocytes turn into memory cells. When these memory cells run into an antigen again, they recognize it and quickly respond. It is also the reason why getting vaccinated helps prevent certain diseases.

An Hb (Hemoglobin) test measures the concentration of hemoglobin protein in your blood. Hemoglobin is made up of iron and globulin proteins. It is an essential part of RBCs and is critical for oxygen transfer from the lungs to all body tissues. Most blood cells, including RBCs, are produced regularly in your bone marrow. The Hb test is a fundamental part of a complete blood count (CBC) and is used to monitor blood health, diagnose various blood disorders, and assess your response to treatments if needed.

An Absolute Neutrophil Count test measures the percentage of neutrophils per microliter of blood. Neutrophils are a type of WBC and play an integral part in the body`s immune system. They help fight off bacterial infections in the body by identifying and destroying foreign invaders, such as disease-causing microorganisms.

An MCH test measures the average amount of hemoglobin in a single red blood cell (RBC). Hemoglobin is an iron-containing protein in RBCs, and its major function is to transport oxygen from the lungs to all body parts. This test provides information about how much oxygen is being delivered to the body by a certain number of RBCs.

An Absolute Basophil Count test measures the total number of basophils in the blood. Basophils are small, spherically-shaped cells that originate from bone marrow and make up almost 1% of the total white blood cells in the body. They attack a foreign substance and release proteins like histamine and heparin to destroy harmful substances, such as allergens, pathogens, or parasites. Histamine helps widen the blood vessels and make space for more immune cells to come to the site of infection or injury, whereas heparin acts as a blood-thinning agent and helps to avoid blood clotting at that site.

There are five types of WBCs: neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils. A Differential Leukocyte Count test measures the percentage of each type of WBC in the blood. Leukocytes or WBCs are produced in the bone marrow and defend the body against infections and diseases. Each type of WBC plays a unique role to protect against infections and is present in different numbers.\nThis further contains\n-Differential Basophil Count\n-Differential Neutrophil Count\n-Differential Lymphocyte Count\n-Differential Monocyte Count\n-Differential Eosinophil Count

A Red Blood Cell Count test measures the total number of red blood cells in your blood. RBCs are the most abundant cells in the blood with an average lifespan of 120 days. These cells are produced in the bone marrow and destroyed in the spleen or liver. Their primary function is to help carry oxygen from the lungs to different body parts. The normal range of RBC count can vary depending on age, gender, and the equipment and methods used for testing.

A Mean Corpuscular Volume test measures the average size of your red blood cells, which carry oxygen through your body. This test tells whether your RBCs are uniform or vary significantly in size.

A PDW test reflects variability in platelet size, and is considered a marker of platelet function and activation (clot formation in case of an injury). This marker can give you additional information about your platelets and the cause of a high or low platelet count. Larger platelets are usually younger platelets that have been recently released from the bone marrow, while smaller platelets may be older and have been in circulation for a few days. Higher PDW values reflect a larger range of platelet size, which may result from increased activation, destruction and consumption of platelets.

An MPV test measures the average size of the platelets in your blood. Platelets are disk-shaped tiny cells originating from large cells known as megakaryocytes, which are found in the bone marrow. After the platelets are formed, they are released into the blood circulation. Their average life span is 7-10 days.\nPlatelets help stop bleeding whenever there is an injury or trauma to a tissue or blood vessel by adhering and accumulating at the injury site, and by releasing chemical compounds that stimulate the gathering of more platelets. After these steps, a loose platelet plug is formed at the site of injury, and this process is known as primary hemostasis. These activated platelets support the coagulation pathway that involves a series of steps including the sequential activation of clotting factors; this process is known as secondary hemostasis. After this, there is a formation of fibrin strands that form a mesh incorporated into and around the platelet plug. This mesh strengthens and stabilizes the blood clot so that it remains in place until the injury heals. After healing, other factors come into play and break the clot down so that it gets removed. In case the platelets are not sufficient in number or are not functioning properly, a stable clot might not form. These unstable clots can result in an increased risk of excessive bleeding.

An Absolute Eosinophil Count test measures the number of eosinophils in the blood and provides important information about the functioning of the immune system. Eosinophils originate from bone marrow and have a lifespan of 8-18 hours. These cells are involved in fighting certain types of infections and responding to allergic reactions in the body. The eosinophils have varied functions including the physiological role in organ formation, such as the development of post-gestational mammary glands. Other functions of these cells include movement to the inflammation areas, trapping substances, killing cells, and bactericidal and antiparasitic activities. They also help in the treatment of immediate allergic reactions and modulation of inflammatory responses. By measuring the number of eosinophils in the blood, this test provides important information about the functioning of the immune system.

A Platelet Count test measures the average number of platelets in the blood. Platelets are disk-shaped tiny cells originating from large cells known as megakaryocytes, which are found in the bone marrow. After the platelets are formed, they are released into the blood circulation. Their average life span is 7-10 days.\nPlatelets help stop the bleeding, whenever there is an injury or trauma to a tissue or blood vessel, by adhering and accumulating at the injury site and releasing chemical compounds that stimulate the gathering of more platelets. A loose platelet plug is formed at the site of injury and this process is known as primary hemostasis. These activated platelets support the coagulation pathway that involves a series of steps, including the sequential activation of clotting factors; this process is known as secondary hemostasis. After this step, there is a formation of fibrin strands that form a mesh incorporated into and around the platelet plug. This mesh strengthens and stabilizes the blood clot so that it remains in place until the injury heals. After healing, other factors come into play and break the clot down so that it gets removed. In case the platelets are not sufficient in number or not functioning properly, a stable clot might not form. These unstable clots can result in an increased risk of excessive bleeding.

An Absolute Monocyte Count test measures the total number of monocytes in the blood. Monocytes are a type of WBC that originate from bone marrow and travel to different tissues via the blood. Once they are inside the tissue, these cells get converted to macrophages (a type of cell that digest harmful substances). Monocytes are the second line of defense mechanism of the human body after neutrophils. These cells are also responsible for the removal of injured or dead cells, microorganisms, and other insoluble particles from the blood.

This test is used to detect deficiency of Vitamin B12. Having a Vitamin B12 deficiency, or a low level of this essential vitamin, can cause a variety of health issues, including anaemia, nervous system issues and extensive hair loss.

A Thyroid Profile Total (T3, T4 & TSH) offers a series of blood tests that measure the levels of thyroid hormones in the blood. Together, these tests help identify how well your thyroid gland works. It includes tests for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine hormone (T4)- total, and triiodothyronine hormone (T3)- total.

A Triiodothyronine Total measures triiodothyronine, also known as T3, hormone that is produced by the thyroid gland. T3 hormone plays an important role in regulating the body`s metabolism, energy levels, and growth & development. It exists in the blood in two forms: free T3 and bound T3. Free T3 is not bound to proteins in the blood and is the active form of T3. Whereas, bound T3 is bound to proteins, such as albumin and thyroid hormone binding globulin (THBG), which prevent it from entering the body tissues.

A Thyroxine - Total measures both the bound and unbound/free form of thyroxine (T4) hormone in the blood. T4 exists in the blood in two forms: bound (attached to proteins) and free (not attached to proteins). Most of the T4 circulating in the blood is bound to proteins and only a small part is free. It is necessary to maintain a fine balance of these forms to ensure the proper functioning of the body.

An LFT (Liver Function Test) assesses the overall health of your liver. It helps diagnose and monitor liver disease or damage and monitor or track the recovery process of any known liver problems. It also helps determine if you need dose adjustments of medicines you might be taking.

An SGPT test measures the amount of ALT or SGPT enzyme in your blood. ALT is most abundantly found in the liver, but it is also present in smaller amounts in other organs like the kidneys, heart, and muscles. Its primary function is to convert food into energy. It also speeds up chemical reactions in the body. These chemical reactions include the production of bile and substances that help your blood clot, break down food and toxins, and fight off an infection.\nElevated levels of ALT in the blood may indicate liver damage or injury. When the liver cells are damaged, they release ALT into the bloodstream, causing an increase in ALT levels. Therefore, the SGPT/ALT test is primarily used to assess the health of the liver and to detect liver-related problems such as hepatitis, fatty liver disease, cirrhosis, or other liver disorders.

An Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) test measures the quantity of ALP enzyme present throughout the body. The main sources of this enzyme are the liver and bones. It exists in different forms depending on where it originates, such as liver ALP, bone ALP, and intestinal ALP. In the liver, it is found on the edges of the cells that join together to form bile ducts.\nALP levels can be increased during pregnancy as it is found in the placenta of pregnant women. It is also higher in children because their bones are in the growth phase. ALP is often high during growth spurts (a short period when an individual experiences quick physical growth in height and body weight).

An SGOT test measures the levels of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), also known as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), an enzyme produced by the liver. SGOT is present in most body cells, most abundantly in the liver and heart. The primary function of this enzyme is to convert food into glycogen (a form of glucose), which is stored in the cells, primarily the liver. The body uses this glycogen to generate energy for various body functions.

The Protein Total, Serum test measures the amount of proteins in the body. Proteins are known as the building blocks of all cells and tissues. They play a crucial role in the growth and development of most of your organs and in making enzymes and hormones. There are two types of proteins found in the body, namely albumin and globulin. About 60% of the total protein is made up of albumin, which is produced by the liver. It helps to carry small molecules such as hormones, minerals, and medicines throughout the body. It also serves as a source of amino acids for tissue metabolism. On the other hand, globulin is a group of proteins that are made by the liver and the immune system. They play an important role in liver functioning, blood clotting, and fighting off infections.\nThis further contains\n- Albumin/Globulin Ratio, Serum\n- Globulin, Serum\n- Serum Albumin\n- Protein Total

This further contains\n- Bilirubin Indirect\n- Bilirubin Direct\n- Bilirubin Total

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